Chm 2120 Final Exam

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II

Need to study the following:

- Reasonance Criteria:

• All atoms have full octets
• Fewest charges
• (-) on electronegative atom, (+) on the electropositive atom
• Max sepsration of identical charges
• Min separation of opposite charges

- Acid (proton donor/electron acceptor)
- Base (proton acceptor/electron donor)
- Direction of Equilibrium
- SN2, E2, SN1/E1 Reactions
- Electrophilic Addition to alkenes
- Epoxides
- Nucleophile: donates electrons
- Electrophile: accepts electrons
- Memorize pKa's
- Nonmenclature (functional groups and benzene/common names)
- Aromatic Compounds (What makes a ring aromatic)
- Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS)
- Memorize the following mechanisms for these reactions:

• Nitration
• Sulfonation
• Halogenation
• Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
• Friedel-Crafts Acylation

- Ortho-Para directing groups:

• Activating Substituents
• Halides

- Meta directors
- Memorize manipulation of aromatic substituents
- Side chain modifications
- Synthesis
- IR & NMR

Carbonyl Chemistry:

- Oxidation of alcohols
- Strongly Nucleophilic Conditions
- Acetals
- Wittig Reactions (E: trans, Z: cis)
- Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation
- Enols and Enolates
- Equilibrium is catalyzed by acid or base

• Halogen
• Alkyl Halide
• Aldehyde or Ketones (ALDOL)

- ALDOL (Self and Crossed Condensation)
- Esterification
- Fischer Esterification
- Ester hydrolysis (saponification)
- Acid Chlorides
- Andydrides

Looks like I have a lot ahead of me before friday