The reason we keep hoses as short as possible is to reduce the head loss caused by water running through tubing.
Our PC water-cooling loops are considered closed systems. For a closed systems, the static head of the system is always 0 ft. Therefore, the vertical height of tubing doesn’t matter, but total length does. All the flow resistance against the pump is generated by friction alone.
Here are some head loss numbers:
The Friction Head of 4 ft of 1/2" tubing, at 2 GPM is 0.58 ft.
The Friction Head of 4 ft of 7/16" tubing, at 2 GPM is 1.141 ft.
The Friction Head of 4 ft of 3/8†tubing, at 2 GPM is 2.5 ft.
The Friction Head of 4 ft of 1/4†tubing, at 2 GPM is 20.58 ft.
In a typical water-cooling loop, the MCP-355/655 pumps usually operate between 1.5 and 2 GPM.
At 2 GPM, 4 ft of 3/8" tubing has the same head loss as over 17 ft of 1/2" tubing.
At 2 GPM, 3/8" tubing can rob nearly 24" of head from the pump. That represents a significant portion of head (20%) for a pump with 10ft of head. That’s why it’s important to use 1/2" tubing
The stress on a pump is caused by the drop in head across the pump. The longer the tubes, the greater the drop in head. When a pump is operating near zero flow, the lateral forces on the impeller are greatest. There are many stories of aquarium pumps with cracked impeller shafts. These pumps have high GPH ratings but could only develop a very low GPH rate in a water-cooling setup, hence their shafts are cracked by the high lateral loads. The specialty pumps we use today don’t have these problems because they are high-head and low-flow.
Adding a second or third pump to a highly restrictive loop will probably NOT reduce the stress on the first pump. You’ll just end up with three highly stressed pumps. The reason is that each pump has to work at nearly the same high-stress point as before to create greater flow. The better solution is to get a single that is suited to the pumping requirements. As much as possible, you want your pumps to operate within the range they were designed to operate in. That’s when the pump is most efficient and reliable.
Tubing and radiators CAN be stressed by pressure. Fortunately, the pumps we use don’t come anywhere near those pressure levels.