Easiest way I've always checked for memory overclocking where it starts to drop frames due to error correction is with Unigine Heaven benchmark.
Set Heaven to max settings, windowed mode, and then once the scene is loaded, set it so you can control the "player" as if it's a first-person shooter. Point upwards so you stare at the sky and don't see anything but the sky. Move around until you find the highest framerates you can. Then don't move and keep increasing your memory OC. Your framerate will keep going up. Keep increasing the memory OC until the framerate stops increasing and starts going down - that'll be the error correction kicking in. At that point, reduce the mem OC by around 2-5 clicks/steps/increments and there you go, done.
Works every time including on my previous newer cards: 4090, 3090, 3070 Ti, 2080 Ti.
For core, do all the typical benchmark stress tests like 3-5 runs of different 3D Mark GPU tests (Nomad, Speedway, Port Royal, Time Spy, Firestrike, etc.), Unigine (Heaven, Valley, Superposition), and gaming.
For mem instability, 3D Mark Speedway would crash the fastest for me with my 4090, couldn't even get halfway through 1 run. That was before I tested Nomad so I don't know if Nomad is as good or better but Speedway was definitely faster than the others (Port Royal, Time Spy, Firestrike, etc.).
Once you have your core OC dialed in, maybe re-do the Heaven method again - not sure if a higher core OC can possibly affect things. I'd just do it again to be sure (it's easy and pretty quick).
The Unigine Heaven method, I think, is definitely the fastest, easiest, and most consistent way to find the mem OC error correcting threshold.